We're a 14-person auto parts machining workshop. Last week, all the computers at the CNC shop next door in our industrial park got completely locked up. They lost access to everything, including their accounting software, CAD drawings, and customer orders, and a message popped up on the screens in a foreign language demanding a massive ransom in foreign currency. Since their backups were kept on an external drive plugged into the same network those got encrypted too. They've been going through hell trying to reissue invoices from scratch and recover customer ledger accounts.
Things don't look much better on our end. We have two PCs in accounting and three in the shop office. We don't have an IT person, just an acquaintance who drops by for an hour or two once a month. Honestly we have no clue what to do about security.
What exactly is ransomware and why does it leave systems so helpless? For a business like ours with a tight budget, what are the top 3 most critical precautions we should take to avoid a disaster?